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Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Something comes from Something: Nothing comes from Nothing. Big Deal


This BBC article of 2014 has come to my notice. Here are the opening paragraphs:

People have wrestled with the mystery of why the universe exists for thousands of years. Pretty much every ancient culture came up with its own creation story - most of them leaving the matter in the hands of the gods - and philosophers have written reams on the subject. But science has had little to say about this ultimate question.

However, in recent years a few physicists and cosmologists have started to tackle it. They point out that we now have an understanding of the history of the universe, and of the physical laws that describe how it works. That information, they say, should give us a clue about how and why the cosmos exists.

Their admittedly controversial answer is that the entire universe, from the fireball of the Big Bang to the star-studded cosmos we now inhabit, popped into existence from nothing at all. It had to happen, they say, because "nothing" is inherently unstable.

"Nothing is inherently unstable"? How do we know that? Predictably the article goes on to tell us how, given quantum uncertainty, both space and matter cannot be existentially null. The scientifically challenged layman, reading this article, would then think that at last the "something from nothing?" question has been solved. The article trades on the fact that some atheists have simply redefined "nothing" in terms of what is in effect something; namely, the assumed pre-existence of transcendent quantum laws prior to the creation of space, time and matter. Therefore this kind of "nothing"  is clearly something, that something being the existence of physical algorithms controlling space, time and matter. This trick has fooled some people who have mooted it as an answer to the "something from nothing?" question; I have heard it said that quantum theory has given us a better understanding of "nothing", so much so in fact that we can now see how something comes from nothing. But this kind of technical casuistry can be refuted by pointing out that one could equally as well argue that the so-called better understanding of nothing is in fact a better understanding of something i.e. something as transcendent law. But "nothing" means absolutely nothing; no givens, no laws and no stuff of any kind, least of all the givens of quantum uncertainty. 

I have dealt with this subject before in the following post:


In the foregoing post I quote atheist Sean Carroll who, even as an atheist, is clearly not fooled by the sophistry of this kind of "scientific theology". 

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Relational Ontology


This blog entry on Relational Ontology really goes back to this post  where I discussed some ideas advanced by Jonathan Kopel in a pre-published paper which in published form was to be titled "A Note Regarding Relational Ontology in Chemistry". As I essentially agreed with the drift of Jonathan's thoughts, and after some discussion, he suggested that I might like to follow up his ideas with a paper of my own. I am currently giving this project some thought and below are some initial notes to this end; I hope eventually to flesh out these notes into a full paper. As Jonathan's take on RO majors on the subject of chemical bonds I thought his paper lent itself well to a quantum mechanical treatment of RO and that is my emphasis here. This subject also fits in well with my post entitled "Jottings on Reality, the Paranormal and Chaoskampf" where I advance the idea that the complexity of reality is irreducible in as much as reality makes little coherent sense without the existence of the complexities of sentience to perceive that reality.



Proposal for a paper on Relational Ontology
This paper will cover:

Hypostatic identity: I will be arguing against this vitalistic concept which locates identity in "substance". 

Identical particles: Quantum statistics treats particles as though they are bits in a binary string. Bits have no hypostatic identity; they exist by virtue of relatedness. 

Schrodinger equation: The multi-particle Schrodinger Equation treats multi-particle systems as if they are one object.  

Fields and particle bonding: The field term in a multi-particle Schrodinger equation is a function of all the positions of all the particles. 

Models and approximations: Real world examples of the Schrodinger equation are likely to be computationally irreducible and therefore treatable only via a cluster of metaphorical models and approximations. 

Conclusions: The analytical inseparability of the objects described by the Schrodinger equation and the likely computational irreduciblity of its solutions necessitates a relational ontological perspective. RO is a point of view which guides one’s thinking about ontology and enables one to come to terms with analytical difficulties brought about by the hard-core relatedness of the cosmos. Ultimate reality is not reducible to bits and pieces or a hidden hypostatic property of matter but is found in the relations within an assumed up and running complexity. Complexity, that is relatedness writ large, must be treated as an a priori feature of the cosmos. This complexity cannot be rationalised away as just an incidental and unnecessary epiphenomenon of an elemental hypostatic reality.

Friday, July 12, 2019

Epistemology, Ontology, Creationism and Scientism

 Contemporary North American young earthism is a modern  construction
coming out of the 1960s. Ken Ham can say what he likes!


I recently got some come back from Joe Smith who first made a starring appearance on my blog here. After some mutually cross words with him there was a calming down period after which the relationship settled down to a more cordial basis. The lesson is: If you want to stand chance of making an initial connection use emotive language. 

I think it is fair to say that Joe Smith, when he thinks about creation,  has what I would call certain fundamentalist habits mind, but signs are that those exclusivist fundamentalist attitudes (which really mark out a fundamentalist) are not his strong point (I hope). If they were there would be little to be gained in dialogue as hard core fundamentalists, from Mormons through Jehovah's witnesses  to Answer in Genesis start from a position of assumed spiritual superiority and have a deep distrust of those who don't acquiesce to the divine authority of their opinions.

Anyway I'm hoping for a fruitful discussion. My reply to Joe's first email can be picked up here: This has been a useful exercise as it has summarised my views on epistemology and directly challenges the fundamentalist "Historical science vs Observational science" canard.

***

It is perhaps ironic that I would also use the views I express in my reply to Joe Smith to attack the kind of atheist scientism which has a vested interested in attempting to draw a sharp line of demarcation between formal science and studies deemed to lie outside formal science. This is the so-called demarcation problem: For me it has always been a pseudo problem; all attempts  to understand the cosmos entail a tense dialogue between theory and experience, whether we are talking spring extending and test tube precipitating science or sociology; both disciplines use a juxtaposition of experiences and/or observational protocols and imaginative narratives to explain those experiences/observations but with varying degrees of plausibility; for clearly the highly regular world of springs and chemicals is far more systemically accessible than the erratic and complex objects of sociology. Consequently this leads to firmer based science than can ever be hoped for than in much sociology. There is a trade off between the complexity and accessibility of an object of study and its epistemic robustness.

But the suspected underlying motive for those peddling scientism is not unlike that of fundamentalists who (want to?) see the world in the blacks and whites of in-groups and out-groups. The aficionados of scientism seek clear cut criteria distinguishing science and non-science in order to provide a pretext to cast into the outer darkness anything they regard as beyond the intellectual pale and which can then be written off with emotive words such as "irrational" and "superstition" and therefore invalid knowledge.

It is true, however, that in the contention between experience and those narratives which attempt to make sense of experience we find that some conceptions are far less amenable to experiential investigation than others. (e.g. springs vs sociological objects). But you can be sure that as epistemic tractability fades out human stupidity and epistemic arrogance tend to fade in and this epistemic sin recurs with both atheists and theists.

Below are some of my posts on the subject of science and epistemology. As I review these posts I notice that one name keeps popping up: That of Toronto biochemist Larry Moran. So, as far as Quantum Non-Linearity is concerned there seems to be enough prima facie evidence to charge Moran with the sin of scientism. I present the documentary evidence for that prima facie case below.

Thursday, July 04, 2019

Liberalism Obsolete?

Putin: The cult of personality and godfather government.


According to Vladimir Putin it is! I would say no, I don't think so, but it's probably under a bit of pressure right now: If liberal democracy is to strengthen and survive and if its political and academic establishments are not to become ivory towers a challenge from the ogre of nationalistic totalitarianism may be no bad thing. Putin (and other subliminal autocrats) obviously have a vested interest in talking up what is in fact a marginal situation as if the West is undergoing a fundamental anti-liberal sea-change. The claim that liberalism is obsolete is an over-hyped half truth.

In any case liberalism is a rather cloudy eclectic concept which embraces ideas right the way from free market libetarianism, through ideals of racial and sexual equality and freedom to a woolly democratic socialism. So just what is it? I don't know and neither, it seems, does this BBC article, although it's a useful analysis. If we are to encapsulate liberalism in a one-liner then I would say that it is the constitutionally controlled row and ferment that is all part of the free market in goods and ideas with a factious accountable parliament reflecting that row. The nearest ancient historical precedent may be the Hellenistic world of the Aegean in the mid first millennium BC. The bickering islands of the Aegean were places where the concept of money driven markets really took shape. Ideas thrived and a kind of democracy existed (Provided you weren't a slave or a woman); government was there for the people rather than the people there for the government. 

It may be easier to define liberalism apophatically; that is, in terms of what it isn't and it certainly isn't what Vladimir Putin stands for. It's not what the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia stands for. It's not what Kim Jung Un stands for. It's not what the Islamic fundamentalists stand for. And most alarming of all, there are hints that it's not what Donald Trump with his Christian fundamentalist and alt-right supporters stand for; that are very suspicious of the organs of established government and also of the free press. (They are a "swamp that needs draining" of its new-world-order anti-christian conspiracy along with those purveyors of "fake news"). Like everyone else I don't think Putin himself really knows or understands what liberalism means; all he knows is that it's not like the way he wants to govern and neither does it encapsulate his values. Therefore he doesn't like it. *

What is a little worrying is that we are seeing a small revival of the politics of the tribal-like personality cult: i.e. identifying one's self with an over-lord who is running a kind of quasi-protection racket. You notice how with Trump.and Putin the "pizzazz and star dust" they bring into politics is all important. All very human I know, but human's are highly corruptible; therein lies the rub. It's even happening in a mild way in the UK where Johnson and Farage thrive on their personal magic; the personality cult is coming to the UK. 

It's a return to an ancient way of governing and it's very instinct driven: Viz: Authority resides in the personality with whom you make a connection rather than with the abstractions of constitution and law. If people identify government too strongly with their chosen "champion/protector" these leaders can often get away with murder. Cf Trump saying that even if he shot someone his supporters would forgive him! For Trump's avid fans it's all about his personal charisma versus the impersonal government "swamp" he is going to drain! But his behaviour hints at a-would-be dictator who feels insecure about democratic institutions beyond his control and so he does his best to demonise them not realising that they are all part of the untidy ferment of democracy in action. Trump does his damnedest to throw doubt on the intuitions of democracy and if that involves spreading half truths then so be it. Given the strong hold personality can have over people the notion that authority actually resides in some "governmental abstraction" finds difficulty competing. Fortunately for us in UK we have the Crown which personifies and symbolises the governmental abstraction; that's an irony in itself: At one time the Crown represented just the same kind of bully boy totalitarian government of those who were strong and brutal enough to barge their way to the top. But today the Crown reminds would-be dictators that they are merely care-takers under a higher authority. In the UK the Crown, ironically, is symbolic of who government is really for; its for the people. In many ways the British royal family, with their trials and tribulations, convey a much more human and compassionate side to government than many ambitious go-getting stop-at-nothing politicians. God save the Queen. 

Autocratic cronies? But what happens
when they fall out?
Interestingly the BBC report on the G20 summit remarked that Trump seems to have a better rapport with dictators like Putin, Xi, the Saudi Crown prince and Kim Jung Un than the democratic leaders of Europe who hold liberal values much hated by the right wing in America, particularly the Christian fundamentalists who appear to port the idea of the absolute rule of a saviour figure to a very fallible human figure. Let me finish with the words of right-wing Christian fundamentalist "Patsy Storedump" whom I quoted here


Patsy Storedump: Sounds like (what) the deceived are doing in America. Why come here. To be free. To worship as one chooses. Now we are finally fighting back. People first Citizens first Politicians out. Get a man like TRUMP and get rid of all your professional politicians. He is not done with America yet. We can only pray and fill our alters with repentant hearts. Let God lead and take back your country from the enemy. We will Pray for you as you pray for us. Allies in the Lord.

"To be free"? Really?  Notice how she demonises the opposition "Let God lead and take back your country from the enemy". Implying that one's government is in the hands of Satan is the pretext for the next move. And what is that move? It's this: "get rid of all your professional politicians" She's basically calling for the end of the parliamentary cacophony of voices of various flawed politicians and instead wants to hear just one very, very flawed voice and, swamp drained, wants to impose that voice on the rest of us. 

Footnote
* But let me put a good word in for Putin. He doesn't give me the impression that he's the worst of dictators; he's concerned for his country and his people and has a benevolent side to him (but perhaps I'm being conned by carefully controlled publicity!) Trouble is, unless safeguards are built into the constitution no country should depend on the fortuitousness of just happening to get a benevolent leader.  What happens if Ivan the Terrible comes along? There have got to be mechanisms of accountability that factor in the potential for human sin.  Nevertheless, he is still a Godfather, as seems likely given the novichock affair.


ADDENDUM post 7/07/19
QUOTE The UK ambassador in Washington says Trump needs "simple, even blunt" arguments UNQUOTE
See here:
Trump administration is 'inept and insecure', says UK ambassador